And rule the world in holiness and righteousness: Human beings should exercise their control over the world in such a way that they relate properly both to God (holiness) and to other people (righteousness); in other words, respecting both God and other people as they govern the world.

And pronounce judgment in uprightness of soul: Passing judgment was one of the great responsibilities of being a king. It is singled out from other aspects of ruling the world since it especially calls for Wisdom. Uprightness of soul is literally “straightness of soul.” It refers here to God’s intent that those who are in the position of judging should make their decisions “with integrity” (Good News Translation). They should make judgments with regard only for who is right and not for who is richer or more powerful. Compare 1Kgs 3.6.

Verses 2-3 might be translated as follows:

• By your Wisdom you created human beings so that they could rule over all your creation [or, all the things you have made], and govern the world, respecting both God and other people. You also did it so they could administer justice with integrity [or, make decisions honestly].

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on The Wisdom of Solomon. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2004. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.