Bashan is the region east and northeast of Lake Galilee. The northern limit of Og’s territory was Mount Hermon. Salecah lay about 100 kilometers east of Lake Galilee. Geshur and Maacah were not well-defined territories; they lay east and northeast of Lake Galilee, beyond the territory conquered by the Israelites, and were inhabited by tribal groups. Og ruled over (the northern) half of Gilead. The southern limit of his kingdom was the border with Sihon’s territory.

It is possible to translate this verse so that the geographical directions are more explicit:

• He ruled land as far north as Mount Hermon and as far east as the city of Salecah. He also ruled all of Bashan, as far as the territories of Geshur and Maacah to the east. In addition he ruled the northern half of Gilead, as far south as the territory of King Sihon of Heshbon.

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Newman, Barclay M. A Handbook on Joshua. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1983. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .