Verse 19 does not make explicit the size of the group of disciples gathered behind locked doors. However verse 24 intimates that it was the eleven (more precisely ten, since Thomas was missing) rather than the larger group of Jesus’ followers. The first resurrection scene was concluded with the appearance of Jesus to Mary, and the second scene reaches its climax in the revelation of Jesus to Thomas. For Thomas, see 11.16; 14.5; and 21.2.

Called the Twin may be rendered “his other name was the Twin” or “his nickname was Twin.” In some languages it is necessary to indicate whether a twin was the first or the second to be born. Unfortunately, there is no biblical information to guide the translator in the present case.

When Jesus came refers to Jesus’ appearance to the disciples after his resurrection. It may therefore be necessary to use such an expression as “when Jesus appeared to them” or “when Jesus showed himself to them.” Thus there will be no ambiguity or misunderstanding.

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of John. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1980. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .