In Greek this verse begins with a temporal clause (Revised Standard Version “When Jesus had received the vinegar”). Good News Translation, along with several other translations, uses an independent clause.

If a literal rendering of Jesus took the wine would imply “Jesus received the wine in his hands,” it may be necessary to say “Jesus sucked the wine and swallowed it,” since Jesus’ hands were fixed to the cross.

It is finished is the same verb rendered had been completed in verse 28.

Then he bowed his head and died is literally “and bowing the head, he handed over the spirit.” Good News Translation starts a new sentence, beginning with Then. Good News Translation translates “he handed over the spirit” in the same way it translates the verb used in the parallel verses in (Mark 15.37) and (Luke 23.46), that is, simply he … died. Some commentators understand “the spirit” in 19.30 to be the Holy Spirit and see in the phrase “he handed over the spirit” a fulfillment of what John referred to in 7.39: Jesus said this about the Spirit, which those who believed in him were going to receive. But this interpretation is highly improbable and should not be introduced in translation.

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of John. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1980. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .