Translation commentary on Job 41:33 - 41:34

The final two verses of the chapter sum up the description of Leviathan as superior to all other animals. In verse 33 line a may be rendered “There is nothing like him on earth.” Line b is a second statement: a creature without fear. Creature translates “one made” and may be rendered “one made to be fearless” or “a fearless creature.”

He beholds everything that is high is often adjusted and combined with verse 33b to give “everything that is high fears him.” However, the Hebrew seems to make adequate sense without change. Everything that is high refers to proud or haughty animals, and so “He gazes at every proud animal” or, as Dhorme says, “every haughty creature.” Good News Translation has extended the meaning of beholds to “look down on,” which fits well with the context of the next line. Line b is rendered literally by Revised Standard Version as sons of pride. This expression is used in 28.8, “proud beasts,” where it refers generally to “wild animals.” See comments on 28.8. And so the description of Leviathan ends: “He is the king over all the wild animals” or “He considers every other animal to be less than he is. He is the ruler over all the wild animals.”

Quoted with permission from Reyburn, Wiliam. A Handbook on Job. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1992. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

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