Therefore indicates that what follows is a conclusion drawn on the basis of what has gone before.

Thus says the LORD: See 2.2.

The LORD of hosts: See 2.19.

Behold: See 1.6.

I am bringing punishment on … is a complicated way of saying “I will punish….”

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Stine, Philip C. A Handbook on Jeremiah. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2003. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .