But he broke his word about all that he had promised: But may be expanded to “But before long.” All that he had promised refers to Demetrius’ promises to Jonathan (see verses 41-42). For this whole sentence we may say “But before long, he broke all his promises to Jonathan.”

And he became estranged from Jonathan and did not repay the favors which Jonathan had done him, but oppressed him greatly: Became estranged from Jonathan may be translated “turned against Jonathan” (Good News Bible) or “turned hostile to Jonathan” (Goldstein). The Greek clause rendered oppressed him greatly implies that he continued a policy of oppression.

An alternative model for this verse is:

• But before long, he broke every promise he had made to Jonathan. He became hostile to him [or, began to treat him like an enemy], and instead of rewarding him for all his help, he continued to put heavy pressure on him [or, continued to harass him].

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 1-2 Maccabees. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2011. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.