Exegesis:
kai epestrepsen to pneuma autēs ‘and her spirit returned.’ pneuma means here ‘life-spirit,’ and the clause implies that she came back to life from death.
kai anestē parachrēma ‘and she rose immediately,’ i.e. from the bed.
kai dietaxen autē dothēnai phagein lit. ‘and he ordered to be given to her to eat,’ i.e. ‘he ordered to give her something to eat.’ For diatassō cf. on 3.13. The infinitive dothēnai is in the passive since its subject is not explicitly stated. The infinitive phagein is best understood as having final force (‘to give (something) in order to eat,’ i.e. that she might eat), but may also be interpreted as the object of dothēnai and be rendered as ‘food’ (cf. Phillips).
Translation:
Her spirit returned. Since the concept of the life principle leaving the body at death is widespread, it will often be possible to use a rather close formal equivalent, using ‘spirit,’ or ‘soul,’ ‘breath,’ ‘life,’ etc. Where, however, such a term can indicate also the vital force of a living person, such a literal rendering may have the wrong meaning, e.g. because the phrase is idiomatically used of a person who becomes strong or courageous again, after having been exhausted or afraid, or of a person who grows up/matures, as is the case in Tzeltal; then one may better say something like ‘she became alive again.’ For spirit cf. also on 1.47.
At once, cf. on “immediately” in 1.64.
He may have to be specified, e.g. ‘Jesus.’
Directed that something should be given her to eat, or, ‘said that they should give her something to eat.’ To give to eat is sometimes rendered by a causative form of ‘to eat,’ e.g. in Toraja-Sa’dan.
Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.
