Exegesis:

kai eplēsthēsan pantes thumou en tē sunagōgē ‘and all who were in the synagogue were filled with rage.’ en tē sunagōgē may go with pantes (as in v. 20) or with the main verb eplēsthēsan thumou, or with akouontes tauta, preferably the first. For the construction of eplēsthēsan with genitive cf. on 1.15. The phrase, which has lost the force of the original metaphor, serves here to indicate a high degree of anger. The aorist tense stresses the ingressive aspect.

thumos ‘rage’; as compared with orgē ‘wrath’ (cf. Eph. 4.31; Col. 3.8; Mk. 3.5), it is more passionate and of a more temporary nature.

Translation:

They … all in the synagogue. Often it is necessary to reverse the order of these two subjects, or even of the clauses in which they occur.

Were filled with wrath, or, ‘wrath overwhelmed them,’ ‘they became heated’ (cf. Marathi, implying great anger).

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.