Translation commentary on Luke 2:21

Exegesis:

kai hote eplēsthēsan hēmerai oktō tou peritemein auton ‘and when eight days had been fulfilled (and the time had come) for circumcising him,’ cf. on 1.57. The omission of the article before hēmerai is awkward because the reference is not to a period of eight days but to those eight days that had to elapse between birth and circumcision, cf. on 1.59. tou peritemein auton is best understood as an independent articular infinitive in the genitive with a consecutive meaning, cf. ‘when eight days were fulfilled that they (indefinite) should circumcise him’ (Brouwer, also Zürcher Bibel).

kai eklēthē to onoma autou Iēsous ‘and his name was called Jesus’; kai ‘and’ at the beginning of the apodosis when a subordinate clause precedes, is primarily due to Hebrew influence.

to klēthen hupo tou aggelou ‘the (name) called, or, named by the angel,’ attributive to to onoma.

pro tou sullēmphthēnai auton en tē koilia ‘before his being conceived in the womb’; the same expression in the active in 1.31.

Translation:

At the end of eight days, when he was circumcised. The prepositional phrase may also be rendered, ‘after eight days had passed/elapsed,’ ‘when eight days were completed’ (Sinhala), ‘when the eighth day was already broken off’ (Tboli, where people keep track of dates for certain events by tying knots in abaca strands, and breaking them off one by one, as the days successively elapse), ‘after eight days’; cf. also on 1.59. — Other possible translations of the “when”-clause are, ‘so that the child should be circumcised,’ ‘at the time they (indefinite) should circumcise the child’ (Tae’ 1933), ‘at his circumcision day’ (Balinese, employing a verbal derivation that is in general use for forming names of religious ceremonies, rites de passage etc., and thus suggests the idea of a traditionally fixed day and period). It may be preferable to avoid subordination here, cf. “Eight days later the time came to circumcise him, and he…” (New English Bible). — He. Here and in the rest of the chapter the child Jesus is often referred to by a pronoun of the third person singular. Where a noun has to be substituted (cf. on 1.8) care should be taken that it should agree with the grades of Jesus’ growth (see above on v. 17). Thus the terms used in vv. 21-38 and 42-51 should agree with the rendering of “child” in v. 17, and “boy” in v. 43, respectively. — Was circumcised. If one cannot use a passive construction, or an active form having an indefinite subject, one may shift to, ‘his parents should have him circumcised,’ or, ‘the child/he received the mark,’ etc., cf. on 1.59.

He was called Jesus, or, ‘he received the name Jesus’ (Sranan Tongo), ‘they/his parents called him (or, gave him the name) Jesus’; cf. also on “call his name” in 1.13.

The name given by the angel, translated literally, may suggest that the angel had performed some ceremony of namegiving on the unborn child. Such a misunderstanding can be avoided by saying something like, ‘as the angel had said he should be called,’ ‘the name the angel had ordered his mother to give him,’ or, ‘had shown Mary’ (Kituba).

Before he was conceived in the womb, or, ‘before his mother had begun yet her conceiving him, or, had-become-pregnant-of Him’ (Tboli, Tae’); and see on 1.31.

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.

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