Translation commentary on Luke 19:23

Exegesis:

kai dia ti ‘why then?’ kai expresses astonishment.

epi trapezan lit. ‘on a table,’ here ‘in the bank.’ didonai epi trapezan means ‘to put in the bank.’

kagō elthōn sun tokō an auto epraxa ‘and on my return I should have reclaimed it with interest.’ The clause describes an event which did not happen because the act which should have preceded it did not happen. This is expressed by an.

tokos ‘interest.’

prassō here ‘to reclaim,’ ‘to collect.’

Translation:

Put my money into the bank. The verb can also be rendered more specifically, ‘to deposit with,’ ‘to lend to.’ Bank may be described ‘place where people trade-with money’ (Bahasa Indonesia), ‘house of lenders’ (Fulah); or shifting to the persons that do the job, ‘money changers’ (Zarma, Tae’), ‘money traders’ (Bahasa Indonesia RC), ‘those who put-on-interest money’ (e.g. Toraja-Sa’dan), ‘those who make gain with money’ (a Tzotzil dialect).

The interrogative sentence can best be taken to end after ‘bank.’ The next sentence may be opened by a transitional, e.g. ‘then’; its unreal character is sometimes expressed by specific verbal forms (cf. English, Javanese), or by a model particle (cf. Greek), or by an introductory phrase such as, ‘if may-be thus, then certainly I …’ (e.g. in Balinese).

I should have collected it with interest, or, ‘I should have received it back (or, claimed the repayment of it, or, caused them to repay it) together with its interest.’ The term used in some Malaio-Polynesian languages is, ‘flower (of money)’ (e.g. in Uab Meto, Bahasa Indonesia), or, ‘child (of money)’ (e.g. in Tboli, or in Balinese, where ‘mother’ is used for ‘principal sum’); Sranan Tongo describes the concept by ‘money that is gained (lit. worked) upon it.’

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.

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