Exegesis:

tis de ex humōn … hos … erei lit. ‘who of you (is there) … who will say?,’ with estin understood, more emphatic than ‘who of you will say?’ The expected answer is: no. humōn points back to pros tous mathētas autou in v. 1.

doulon echōn arotriōnta ē poimainonta ‘having a slave ploughing or tending sheep,’ describing the background circumstances of the subsequent narrative. The emphasis is on doulon as shown by its position before echōn.

arotriaō ‘to plough.’

poimainō ‘to tend (sheep).’

hos eiselthonti ek tou agrou erei autō ‘who when he comes in from the field will say to him.’ eiselthonti goes with autō which refers to doulon.

eutheōs parelthōn anapese ‘come along at once and lie down (at the table).’ parerchomai means to go to the place where one is going to do something, cf. on 12.37. For anapiptō cf. on 11.37.

Translation:

For the rendering of such rhetorical questions with suppositional force cf. on 11.5.

A servant ploughing or keeping sheep (i.e. as his habitual duty) may have to be recast, e.g. ‘a slave working for him at the plough or with the sheep, or, who ploughs for him and tends his sheep’ (cf. Nieuwe Vertaling), ‘the servant he employs as ploughman and herdsman’ (Willibrord); and cf. below, the quotation from Tzeltal. Ploughing, or, ‘who hoes’ (West Nyanja), ‘tilling the fields,’ ‘who turns the soil for him’ (Sranan Tongo), ‘who works the garden (with a hoe)’ (Kele), ‘farming’ (Zarma). To keep the sheep, i.e. ‘to be a shepherd’ (cf. 2.8), or more generically, ‘to tend the flock (cf. ibid.), or, the (small) cattle.’ For sheep see references on 15.4.

Field here refers both to the fields tilled (cf. 15.25) and those used for pasturage (cf. 2.8); to cover both by one term one may say, ‘the open’ (Fulah), ‘where he had been working’ (cf. Ekari), ‘his work’ (Tae,’ similarly in Tzeltal, which, moreover, transposes the reference to the jobs, cf. ‘if your servant arrives from work, from ground-breaking or caring-for-cattle for you…’).

At once, or, ‘without delay,’ ‘quickly.’

Sit down at table, cf. on 7.36.

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.