Exegesis:
apokritheis de ho archisunagōgos … elegen tō ochlō ‘but the leader of the synagogue answering … said to the crowd.’ For apokritheis cf. on 1.60. For archisunagōgos cf. on 8.49. tō ochlō refers to the people who are in the synagogue and attend the worship service, i.e. ‘the congregation.’
aganaktōn ‘being angry, or, indignant,’ placed between the introductory participle apokritheis and the main verb elegen (which go usually very closely together) in order to bring out the mood in which he spoke.
hoti tō sabbatō etherapeusen ho Iēsous ‘because (it was) on the sabbath (that) Jesus had healed.’ tō sabbatō is emphatic and the article is generic.
hex hēmerai eisin en hais dei ergazesthai ‘there are six days on which work ought to be done.’ dei ‘it is necessary’ means here ‘it is prescribed in the law.’
ergazomai ‘to do work,’ ‘to work.’
en autais oun erchomenoi therapeuesthe ‘so come and be healed on them.’ en autais is emphatic by position. oun is inferential. The saying rests on the assumption that healing is to be classified as work. erchomenoi has the force of an imperative.
kai mē tē hēmera tou sabbatou ‘and not on the day of the sabbath.’
Translation:
But can be said to represent here Gr apokritheis; similarly “whereupon” (Translator’s New Testament). Other versions use a verb, e.g. “intervened” (New English Bible), or verbal phrase, e.g. “took the matter up” (The Four Gospels – a New Translation). Cf. also the note on “answered” in 3.16.
The ruler of the synagogue, see 8.41.
Indignant because Jesus had healed on the sabbath may better be rendered as a clause in initial position, cf. Good News Translation. An object with healed, if required, may be indefinite, e.g. ‘some one’ (Leyden, Bahasa Indonesia), ‘sick people’ (Javanese), ‘sickness’ (Batak Toba), or a reference to the preceding case, e.g. “her” (An American Translation), ‘this illness.’
The people, or, ‘the (many) people present (there),’ cf. “crowd” in 5.19.
There are six days on which work ought to be done, or, simplifying the clause structure, “there are six days in which we should work” (Good News Translation), ‘during six days (or, six days long) it is lawful (see 6.2) for people to work, or, that we (inclusive, Batak Toba) do-work.’ The higher unit ‘in each week,’ or ‘in each seven days’ may have to be made explicit. Shorter, more synthetical renderings are, ‘six days are for working’ (Sranan Tongo), “there are six working-days” (New English Bible, similarly Tae’ 1933).
And be healed, cf. 5.15.
And not, or, ‘but don’t do so.’
Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.