5:19a

For: This word introduces an explanation of 5:18.

through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners: This clause indicates that Adam disobeyed God and that deed caused God to consider all people as sinners. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

many were made sinners because just one person disobeyed
-or-
one man disobeyed ⌊God⌋ and so ⌊God⌋ called the many ⌊people who came after that man⌋ sinners
-or-
Adam, he did not submit to God’s command, with the result that many people became sinners

Paul also used were made to be consistent with “will be made” in 5:19b to help show the difference in the meaning between the two clauses. If possible use the same word or phrase in both clauses.

the many: Here this phrase refers to a large number of people. Here it refers to “all men” (5:18a, b). The same issue occurs in 5:15. Here again the Berean Standard Bible has translated the Greek article that means the.

5:19b

through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous: This clause indicates that Jesus obeyed God even to death on a cross and that deed caused God to consider all believers as righteous. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

many were made righteous because just one person obeyed
-or-
one man obeyed ⌊God⌋ and so ⌊God⌋ called many ⌊people⌋ righteous
-or-
Jesus, he submitted to God’s command, with the result that many people became righteous

the many: See how you translated this in 5:19a.

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