16:20a
The God of peace: The word of indicates here that God gives peace. He causes others to have peace. The whole phrase describes the one true God. It does not imply that there are many gods and there is one that gives peace.
peace: This word refers to having no conflicts with other people or with God. The Greek word may also indicate wholeness or well-being.
See how you translated this word in 1:7 or 15:33.
crush Satan under your feet: The word crush is used figuratively to refer to completely defeating Satan. The words under your feet indicate that believers will also gain victory over Satan by this deed of God.
In some languages a literal translation will not have the correct meaning. If that is true in your language, translate the meaning. For example:
completely defeat Satan for you
Satan: The word Satan is the Hebrew name of the leader of all the evil spirits. In Hebrew his name means “enemy.” He is the enemy of God and God’s people. Here are some ways to translate Satan :
• Use a local name or idiom that refers to the chief of all demons.
• Use a descriptive phrase. For example:
the chief/leader of the evil spirits
-or-
the spirit enemy of God
• Borrow the common language word and spell it as someone in your area would say it. If this word is not already known in your area, you may also want to add a descriptive phrase. For example:
Satanas, ⌊the ruler of demons⌋
-or-
Saitan
If you have translated the gospels, see how you translated this word in Matthew 4:10, Mark 1:13, Luke 10:18, or John 13:27.
16:20b
(New International Version🙂 The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you: There is a textual issue here. Some Greek manuscripts add the word “Christ” after the name Jesus :
(1) Do not include this word here.
(New International Version, Good News Translation, New American Standard Bible, New Living Translation (2004), God’s Word, Contemporary English Version, NET Bible, Revised English Bible, New Century Version)
(2) Include this word here. For example:
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you (Revised Standard Version)
(Berean Standard Bible, Revised Standard Version, New Jerusalem Bible, English Standard Version, King James Version)
It is recommended that you follow option (1), because the UBS Handbook Greek NT 5 says it is certain that option (1) is the correct reading.
This is an indirect request. Paul asked God to give this grace to the believers in Rome while speaking to them. Here are other ways to translate this clause:
I pray that the grace of our Lord Jesus will be with you all
-or-
I request that grace of our Lord Jesus be with you all
-or-
I desire that grace of our Lord Jesus will be with you all
See how you translated a similar clause in 15:13 or 15:33.
grace: This word refers to kindness that is given to people without requiring anything in return. This kindness is not given because they have done anything to deserve it. See how you translated this word in 1:5 or 12:6.
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