2:13a–b

But others mocked them and said, “They are drunk on new wine!”: Some people in the crowd perhaps did not understand any of the languages. Or perhaps they understood one believer but not the rest. So their explanation was that the believers were drunk and therefore acting foolishly and speaking nonsense. That is what this sentence implies.

2:13a

others: The word others refers to some of the people in the crowd.

mocked: This phrase refers to making fun of people. Instead of seeing a miracle in this event, some of the crowd thought the believers were drunk and so they mocked them. Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

ridiculed (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
jeered at (NET Bible)

The Greek tense indicates that they continued to mock for some time.

them: This pronoun refers to the believers.

2:13b

and said: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as and said is literally “were saying.” It indicates that they mocked the believers by saying that they had too much wine. The tense of the Greek verb indicates that they said this more than once.

new wine: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as new wine here means “sweet wine.” Wine is made from the juice of a fruit called grapes. The wine may be sweet in one of two ways:

(1) Completely fermented wine with honey added (often called “sweetened wine”),

(2) wine that had only begun to ferment (often called new wine) so still had the natural sweetness from the grapes in it.

If possible, translate in a way that allows either possibility. For example:

sweet wine (God’s Word)

However, some of the crowd were implying that the believers were drunk, so interpretation (1) seems more likely.

In some areas, people may not be familiar with grapes or with wine. If that is true in your area, you may want to:

• Use a general word or phrase for an alcoholic drink or for the condition of being drunk. For example:

They are drunk!

• Use a specific word or phrase that can also be used to refer to alcoholic drinks in general. For example:

millet beer
-or-
palm wine
-or-
something like palm wine

You may then want to explain the literal word in a footnote. Here is an example footnote:

Literally “wine.” This kind of wine was made from the fruit called “grapes.” It ferments like millet beer.
-or-
Literally “grape wine.” This kind of wine was made from the fruit called “grapes.” It ferments like palm wine.

• Use a descriptive phrase. For example:

alcoholic ⌊fruit⌋ juice/water
-or-
fermented ⌊grape⌋ juice

Wine was a common drink among the Jews. But too much wine could make a person drunk.

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