Ephesians 2 in Jamaican Sign Language and Jamaican Country Sign Language

Following is the translation of Ephesians 2 into Jamaican Sign Language, intermixed with Jamaican Country Sign Language (see here for Country Sign ):


Source: Jamaican Sign Language Bible Translation

2:1-3 I am Paul. To the people of the church in Ephesus. Remember when you were not yet Christians, when you used to live in sin just like the rest of the world. You were dead. You were controlled by the unseen spirit of the Devil- that same spirit now working in the people who refuse to obey God. All of us used to live that way, following the passionate and selfish desires of our sinful nature. We should have faced God’s anger because of our sinful ways.

2:4-5 But God is merciful and he loves us very much, even though we were dead because we were detached from Him and lived in sin just like the rest of the world. He has given us a new life and has united us with Him through Jesus Christ. It is only by God’s grace that we have been saved.

2:6-7 Just as God raised Jesus from the dead and seated him in heaven, so will He raise us from the dead and seat us in heaven because we are united with Jesus Christ. God did this so He can point to us in all future ages as examples of the incredible wealth of His grace and kindness toward us, as shown in all he has done for us who are united with Christ Jesus.

2:8-10 Salvation is not a reward for the good things we have done, so none of us can boast about it. You can’t take credit for this because it is a gift from God. We are saved only by His grace through Jesus Christ. We are God’s precious creations, His masterpiece, made new in Jesus Christ so that we can live the right way according to the plan that He had for us long ago.

2:11-13 Remember that you non-Jew used to be outsiders. You were called uncircumcised by Jews who were circumcised. In those days you were living apart from Christ. You were excluded from citizenship among the people of Israel, and you did not know the promises God had made to them. You lived in this world without God and without hope. But now you have been united with Christ Jesus. Once you were far away from God, but now you have been brought near to him through the blood of Christ.

2:14-16 Jesus united Jews and non-Jews into one people when, in his own body on the cross he broke down the wall of hostility that separated us. He did this by ending the system of law with its commandments and regulations. He made peace between Jews and non-Jews by creating in himself one new people from the two groups, united in peace and harmony with each other and God.

2:17-18 The non- Jews [who were called outsiders] and the Jews [who were called Christians] were now united in peace. Now all of us can come to God the Father through the same Holy Spirit because of what Christ has done for us.

2:19-22 So now you non-Jews are no longer strangers and foreigners. You are now members of God’s family. You are citizens along with all of God’s holy people. Just like a house is built on a solid foundation, we are His house, built on the foundation of the apostles who spread the word of God. The cornerstone is Christ Jesus himself. In him, we become a holy temple for the Lord. In Christ we are built together [Jews and non-Jews] and are made into a holy place where God lives through the Spirit.

Back-translation by Amakedia Wallen, coordinated by Tashi Widmer

Ephesians 1 in Jamaican Sign Language and Jamaican Country Sign Language

Following is the translation of Ephesians 1 into Jamaican Sign Language, intermixed with Jamaican Country Sign Language (see here for Country Sign ):


Source: Jamaican Sign Language Bible Translation

1:1-2 I am Paul. God chose me as his apostle under Jesus Christ who is God’s anointed.
I write this letter to the people of the church of Ephesus, who are Christians — believers and followers of Jesus Christ.
Peace and grace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

1:3-4 Ah, look — long before the heavens and the earth were created God already knew us and chose us to be united with Christ. He chose us to be holy and without fault in his eyes. He embraces us with love as His holy people. Look — all the spiritual blessings that He has given us [love, peace, grace, patience] freely in abundance. Come, let us give praise to God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

1:5-8 This is all according to His plan — for us to be united with Jesus Christ, His beloved Son, through whom He has adopted us as His children, His sons and daughters. So we praise God for the wonderful grace that He has given us because we are united with Jesus Christ.
Long ago we were detached from Jesus Christ but He forgave us and united us. As Christians were saved by the blood of Jesus Christ. Amazing! His grace overflows, He has showered us with His kindness.

1:9-11 God’s plan is for everything in heaven and on earth to be united under Jesus Christ. He has revealed to us his mysterious plan in order that we may understand how everything connects to Jesus Christ. God is wise and everything is just according to His plan. When we are united to Jesus Christ He will reward us with His inheritance.

1:12-14 We Jews were the first to hope in Jesus Christ and we were chosen to bring praise and glory to God. Now you people of the church of Ephesus have been taught the truth of Jesus Christ which is salvation through unity with Christ. In Christ, God has given you the Holy Spirit which is His guarantee that we will get the things God promised and that he has purchased us to be his own people. We will bring praise and glory to Him.

1:15-18 I have heard of your faith in Jesus and your love for all Christians which has moved me to give God thanks for you. I pray for you constantly, I ask God, the glorious Father of our Lord Jesus Christ to give you spiritual wisdom so that you may grow in your knowledge of God. I pray that you will have greater understanding in your heart, then you will know the hope that God has chosen us to have. You will know that the blessings God has promised His holy people are rich and glorious.

1:19-20 I also pray that you will understand the incredible greatness of God’s power for us who believe in Him. This is the same power that God used to raise Jesus from the dead and seated Him in the place of honor at His right hand in heaven.

1:21-23 God has made Jesus more powerful than all rulers, authorities, powers and kings. He is more powerful than anything in this world or in the next world. God has put everything under Jesus’ authority and has made him ruler over all things for the church. The church is the body and Jesus is the head; he counsels us Christians and we are made full and complete by him, he makes everything complete in every way.

Back-translation by Amakedia Wallen, coordinated by Tashi Widmer

Ephesians 2 in Jamaican Sign Language and Jamaican Country Sign Language >>

Genesis 2 in Jamaican Sign Language

Following is the translation of Genesis 2 into Jamaican Sign Language:


Source: Jamaican Sign Language Bible Translation


2:1 God had finished creating the heavens and the earth and everything in them. This took seven days, so God worked for seven days creating the heavens and the earth and all the things He placed in them.

2:2 On the seventh day God rested.

2:3 God blessed the seventh day as His own special day. Why? Because he had completed His work creating the heavens and the earth and on this day He rested.

2:4 So that is it.

The heavens and the earth were created by Yahweh a very long time ago. This story is about what happened afterwards.

2:5 The earth had not yet grown green grass or trees. Why? Because Yahweh had not yet made it rain on the earth. There was also no one to sow the land and take care of the plants.

2:6 From deep within the earth, water sprang up and spread over the ground [mud]. This was used to create human.

2:7 Yahweh took this mud from the ground and formed a human. And Yahweh breathed life into the human and he inhaled and became living.

2:8 In the east, Yahweh planted a garden, He named this garden Eden. Then Yahweh took the human he created and placed him in the garden.

2:9 In the garden there were beautiful trees of every different kind that all produced fruits that were good to eat. Among all these trees stood one tree in the middle of the garden that was the tree of life. Next to it was the tree of knowledge of good and evil. If someone eats from the tree of life, they will live forever. If they eat from the tree of knowledge of good and evil, they will come to know good and evil.

2:10 A river flowed out of the garden of Eden that nourished the trees. It parted and became four rivers.

2:11 The first river was called Pishon which flowed out into the land called Havilah. Havilah had these three things: a lot of gold,

2:12 Bdellium [gum from a tree that is used to make fragrance] and onyx [a shiny black stone].

2:13 The second river Gihon, which flowed out into the land called Cush.

2:14 The third river called Tigris, flowed out into the land called Assyria in the east. And the fourth river was called Euphrates

2:15 Yahweh placed the human in the garden of Eden to work and take care of it.

2:16 Yahweh commanded the human, “You may eat from any tree in this garden.

2:17 But the tree in the middle- the tree of knowledge of good and evil, you must not eat from this tree. If you disobey me and eat from this tree your life will be ruined and you will die.”

2:18 Yahweh looked at the human and said, “He is lonely, this is not good. I will create another person to help him.”

2:19 Yahweh had already created all the animals. He called all the animals to the man, all the four-legged beasts, the crawling creatures and winged animals, He called them to the man.

2:20 And the man gave names to all the animals. The man gave names to all the animals, to the birds in the sky and the wild animals in the forest, he named them all. The man saw that there were many, many animals but none was human like him.

2:21 So Yahweh caused the man to fall into a very deep sleep. As he slept, Yahweh took one of his ribs from his body and then healed his skin.

2:22 Then Yahweh used the man’s rib to create a woman. He sent her to the man. The man awoke and saw the woman.

2:23 He said, “Finally! A person like me. We are both bone and flesh. We are the same. She was created from my rib. She is ‘woman,’ my companion.”

2:24 This is why a man leaves his mother, his father and family to find a woman who will become his wife and they two will become one.

2:25 The man and the woman were both naked, but they were not ashamed.

Back-translation by Amakedia Wallen, coordinated by Tashi Widmer

Genesis 1 in Jamaican Sign Language

Following is the translation of Genesis 1 into Jamaican Sign Language:


Source: Jamaican Sign Language Bible Translation

1:1 A very, very long time ago, God created the heavens and the earth.

1:2 The earth was not yet formed and contained nothing, it was completely void. Water flowed endlessly and the entire earth was completely dark. God looked over all this. The Spirit of God, [like a bird], hovered over the water.

1:3 God spoke, saying, “Let there be light.” And the darkness became light.

1:4 God looked at the darkness and the light and saw that it was good.

1:5 God called the light ‘Day’ and the darkness ‘Night.’ Evening passed and morning came and that was day one.

1:6 Then God said, “Let there be a great dome to separate the waters above from the waters below.”

1:7 So God made a great dome to keep the waters above separate from the waters below.

1:8 God called the dome above ‘Heaven.’ Evening passed and morning came and that was day two.

1:9 God said, “Let there be dry land.” And the water gathered and dry land appeared.

1:10 God called the dry land ‘earth’ and the waters He called ‘seas.’ God looked at the earth and seas and saw that it was good.

1:11 God said “Let the earth produce plants of every kind. Let the earth grow grass, plants that make grain, and fruit trees. The fruit trees will make fruit with seeds in it. Let these plants grow on the earth.”

1:12 And it happened; the earth produced plants of all different kinds. Grass sprang up abundantly across the land, stalks with grains of all types [corn, rice, wheat, oat], trees of all varieties sprang up yielding fruits of all different kinds [orange, mango, banana, plums, guavas, guinep] everywhere [tomatoes, pineapple, strawberries, watermelon] [of all different sizes and shapes]. These plants sprang over all across the land, reproducing themselves through seeds. God looked over this and saw that it was good.

1:13 Evening passed and morning came and that was day three.

1:14 God spoke to the heavens, “Let there be lights in the sky to separate the day from the night. These lights will indicate the seasons, days and years.

1:15 The lights from heaven will give light to the earth.”

1:16 God made two great lights: the greater [brighter] light to rule the day, and the lesser [dimmed] light to rule the night, along with the stars.

1:17 God placed these lights in the sky to give light to the earth.

1:18 The greater [brighter] light ruled over the day and the lesser [dimmed] light ruled over the night and separated light and darkness. God looked at this and saw that it was good.

1:19 Evening passed and morning came and that was day four.

1:20 God spoke to the waters below and the heavens above, “Let the seas be filled with living creatures and let birds fly above in the heavens.”

1:21 God created huge sea creatures and many different animals swarmed the waters [shrimp, lobster, octopus, turtles, crocodile, whales] the sky was filled with different winged animals of its own kind [great and small- dove, crow, eagle, parrot, hummingbird]. God looked at this and saw that it was good.

1:22 God looked at the heavens and the earth and blessed them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the seas, let the birds multiply across the earth.”

1:23 Evening passed and morning came and that was day five.

1:24 God spoke to the earth “Let there be living creatures of different kinds: farm animals [cows, sheep, goat], crawling insects [bugs, worms, snakes], and wild animals of different kind [lion, leopard, elephant, ostrich, kangaroo, alligator]

1:25 So God created all these different types of animals. God looked at this and saw that it was good.

1:26 Then God thought of creating man [human]. Why? To be stewards [responsible] for the earth. To take care of birds in the sky, the animals in the sea and the creatures all over the earth.

1:27 God created man and woman in His own image and likeness.

1:28 God blessed them saying, “Be fruitful and multiply, fill the earth. Let man and woman rule over the earth, over the fishes in the sea and the birds in the sky, and the animals on the land. Be stewards of the earth.”

1:29 God said to the man and the woman, “Look at all the plants and trees, I give you all the plants that bear fruits and grains to eat freely.

1:30 All green grass, grains and fruit trees I give to all the animals, every bird and crawling insect, to eat from freely. Every plant is theirs because they have the breath of life which I have given them.” And they all went ahead and ate freely.

1:31 God looked at all He created and saw that it was good. Evening passed and morning came and that was day six.

Back-translation by Amakedia Wallen, coordinated by Tashi Widmer

Genesis 3 in Jamaican Sign Language

Following is the translation of Genesis 3 into Jamaican Sign Language:


Source: Jamaican Sign Language Bible Translation

3:1 In the garden that Yahweh created there were many animals. Out of all the animals, there was one very cunning creature compared to a serpent who was very deceitful.

It happened that the man and the woman were walking in the garden and the serpent approached them and spoke to them cunningly. To the woman he said, “Did Yahweh really say, ‘You must not eat from any fruit tree in the garden’?”

3:2 The woman replied to the serpent, “No, Yahweh gave us all the trees in the garden to eat from.

3:3 But there is one tree in the middle of the garden whose fruit we must not eat nor touch. If we do, our lives will be ruined and there will be death thereafter.

3:4 The serpent said to the woman, “‘Your lives will be ruined and you will die thereafter?’ Ha. No, you will not die.

3:5 Yahweh knows that when you eat from this tree your eyes will be opened and you will become enlightened. Yahweh knows good and evil, if you know good and evil you will become like God.”

3:6 The woman looked at the tree with its many fruits with desire. The fruits were pleasing to her eyes and aroused her desire for wisdom. She picked the fruit and ate it. She gave some of the fruit to her husband who also ate it.

3:7 Suddenly, their eyes were opened, they looked at themselves and realized that they were naked. They had transgressed. They tried to cover their bodies. They ran to find large fig leaves which they gathered and weaved together to hide their nakedness.

3:8 In the cool of the evening, Yahweh walked through the garden. The man and woman were still trying to cover their bodies when they heard his footsteps. The man and woman hid fearfully behind the trees.

3:9 Yahweh called to the man “Where are you? Why have you not come to me?”

3:10 The man emerged from behind the trees and answered Yahweh, “I heard you but because I was naked, I was afraid to come to you, so I hid behind the trees.”

3:11 And Yahweh replied, “Who told you that you were naked? Did you eat from the tree which I commanded you not to eat from?”

3:12 Ashamedly, the man replied, “It was the woman you created from my rib to be my companion who picked the fruit from the tree and gave it to me to eat.”

3:13 And Yahweh said to the woman, “What have you done?”

Fearfully, the woman emerged from the trees and replied, “It was the serpent who deceived me. I fell for his trick and ate the fruit from the tree.”

3:14 And Yahweh looked at the serpent and cursed it saying, “Above all the animals, all livestock and wild animals, you are the least. You will be punished by remaining low and crawling on your belly in the dust, you will breathe dust for the rest of your life.

3:15 The serpent and the woman will be enemies; your offspring will be enemies. One of her descendants will crush your head and you will bite his feet.”

3:16 To the woman Yahweh spoke, “For the rest of your life you face struggles and hardship, you will suffer severe childbearing, severe labor and the burden of child rearing will be hard. You will desire a husband as your partner, but your husband will rule over you.”

3:17 To the man Yahweh spoke, “I commanded you not to eat from the tree, but you listened to your wife and ate it. For the rest of your life, you will face struggles and hardship. You will work hard to plow the land for food

3:18 but the soil will produce thorns and weeds that will ruin your crops.

3:19 You will sweat and work hard to gather food for the rest of your life. When your body dies it will break down and return to the dust from which it came. I, Yahweh, created man from dust and to the dust you will return.”

3:20 The man Adam named the woman Eve because she would become the mother of all the living. Eve.

3:21 Yahweh made clothes from animal skin and clothed them.

3:22 And Yahweh said to them, “You have eaten from the tree and transgressed. Now you are like us; you know good and evil. If one eats from the tree of life they will live forever. If you also eat from the tree of life, you will live forever. This cannot be allowed, you must leave.”

3:23 In the garden where they were, Yahweh sent them away. The same soil that Yahweh created human from is the same soil Adam will plow and toil laboriously.

3:24 They left the garden walking towards the East. When they left Yahweh commanded the heavenly beings to guard the tree of life on either side. In the center he placed a sword of fire flashing back and forth. Adam and Eve will never be able to return, the garden remains guarded.

Back-translation by Amakedia Wallen, coordinated by Tashi Widmer

Nazareth

The name that is transliterated as “Nazareth” in English is translated in Hungarian Sign Language with a sign that refers to blossoming and spring: it depicts the growth of young shoots. The word Nazareth is derived from the Hebrew word netzer, which means bud, blossom, sprout, or shoot. This linguistic connection is particularly significant for Messianic prophecies, such as in the Book of Isaiah: A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch (netzer) will bear fruit (Isaiah 11:1). Thus, the sign in sign language does not only identify a city, but also visually connects Nazareth with the prophetic title of Jesus. The translation highlights that the sign in sign language is essentially a visual exegesis: with a single motion, it teaches the profound etymological connection between the name of the city and the promise of the Savior. The sign is more than just a word, a label; it is simultaneously a commentary, an interpretation. (Source: Jenjelvi Biblia and HSL Bible Translation Group)


“Nazareth” in Hungarian Sign Language (source )

Introduction to Philippians in Dominican Sign Language

The translation of Philippians 1:1-2 in Dominican Sign Language is an example for the spatial nature of some sign languages by setting a stage.

Isela Trujillo (in The Bible Translator 2026, p. 118ff.) explains: “In the opening greeting (Philippians 1:1-2), the Deaf signer makes clear what kind of genre the audience will look at (a letter) and establishes the main stage for the entire letter, clearly locating the primary audience (the Philippians). This stage is depicted in [the figure below]. The apostle Paul, represented by the signer, occupies the center of the stage. From the signer’s perspective, the community of believers in Philippi, including the bishops and deacons, has been placed in front of him. God the Father is above him and to the right. Jesus Christ is on Paul’s right side and Timothy is on his left. It is important that in the distribution of space not one character should overlap the space of another one. This strategy is not different from the one used in narrative texts.”

The actual translation:


Philippians 1:1-2 in Dominican Sign Language (source: Traducción de la Biblia en lengua de señas de la República Dominicana )

For spatial use in sign languages see also back-translation of Luke 7:1-10 in Finnish Sign Language.