The expression and so provides a useful transition by preparing the reader for a type of conclusion.

The direct form you killed may need to be shifted into a causative in some languages since these people themselves did not crucify Jesus but by their behavior caused him to be crucified by the Romans. Therefore, a causative form such as “you caused him to be killed” or “you caused him to die” may be more appropriate and accurate.

One who leads men to life may be understood as “one who causes people to really live,” “one who causes true life,” or “one who shows true life”; there is no way of knowing precisely what meaning Peter had in mind. The meaning “prince” does not fit the context and is usually quite inadequate.

But God raised him from the dead correctly translates the Greek relative clause “whom God raised from the dead.” The contrast between the activity of the people in causing Jesus’ death and what God did in raising him from the dead is so great that it usually needs to be specifically highlighted by a conjunction such as “but.”

As noted in previous sections, raised him from the dead is essentially a causative, for example, “caused him to rise from the dead.”

The substantive expression witnesses to this may be changed into a verbal expression “we ourselves saw this.” To this translates a relative pronoun that may refer either to the fact of the resurrection (so the Good News Translation), or else “to him,” that is, to Jesus who was raised from the dead.

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on The Acts of the Apostles. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1972. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .