Exegesis:
eis hēn d’ an polin eiselthēte kai mē dechōntai humas ‘into whatever town you go and they do not receive you,’ cf. on v. 8.
exelthontes eis tas plateias autēs eipate ‘going out into its streets say.’ exelthontes is equivalent to an imperative (cf. Revised Standard Version).
plateia ‘wide road,’ ‘street.’
(V. 11) kai ton koniorton ton kollēthenta hēmin ek tēs poleōs humōn eis tous podas ‘the very dust that sticks to us from your city to the feet,’ i.e. ‘to our feet from your town.’ ek tēs poleōs humōn goes with kollēthenta, and the picture is that of the dust which still sticks to the feet of the messengers when they leave the town which does not receive them. For koniortos cf. on 9.5. hēmin is dative of advantage. eis tous podas still has the suggestion of the dust finding its way to the feet of the messengers.
kollaō (also 15.15) here in the passive ‘to cling to,’ ‘to stick to.’
apomassometha humin ‘we wipe off against you.’ The dative humin is equivalent to eph’ humas ‘against you,’ i.e. ‘in protest against you,’ cf. Acts 13.51, and eis marturion ep’ autous ‘as a witness against them’ in 9.5.
apomassomai ‘to wipe off,’ a more thorough act than shaking off (9.5).
plēn touto ginōskete ‘but know this.’ plēn is stronger than the common alla.
Translation:
Go into its streets and say, i.e. go out from the house that has lodged you and say in the streets you pass on your way out of the town (as implied in the wording of v. 11a). Hence, go into may better be rendered ‘go out into,’ ‘leave the house and go into/along.’ Streets, or, better to bring out the public character, “open streets” (An American Translation), places publiques (Bible de Jérusalem).
(V. 11) The clause even the dust of (or, from, Good News Translation) your town that clings to our feet, we wipe off has virtually the same meaning as the main clause of 9.5. Taking ‘from the town’ with the verb one may render the object phrase by, ‘the very dust that clings/sticks to our feet in/from your town’ (cf. The Four Gospels – a New Translation, Brouwer), ‘even the dust from your town on our feet’ (Willibrord), ‘the very dust on our feet, which comes from your town.’ The rendering of wipe off may have to coincide with that of “shake off” in 9.5.
Against states briefly what “as a testimony against” has expressed more explicitly in 9.5.
Know here implies an act of will; hence, “take note of” (New English Bible), “understand” (An American Translation).
The kingdom of God has come near, differing from v. 9b in not having ‘to you’ it is preferable that this probably intentional difference should be preserved in translation.
Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.