Then translates a particle used ninety times by Matthew; it indicates a loose temporal connection. Some translations have “After that.” Both the qualifier who was called and the Greek form of the verb went are also characteristic of Matthew’s style.

The twelve (disciples) are listed in 10.1-4, immediately preceding their mission to the “lost sheep of the people of Israel” (10.6). Concerning the meaning of the name Iscariot, see comments at 10.4. But it is used as a name and should not be translated. For English readers it is perhaps simpler to translate “Then Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve disciples, went….”

The chief priests are last mentioned in verses 3-5, where Matthew said that they “made plans to arrest Jesus secretly and put him to death.”

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Stine, Philip C. A Handbook on the Gospel of Matthew. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1988. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .