All these were the sons of Jedia-el: All these refers back to the names just mentioned in the previous verse. Sons must be taken in this context as including grandsons as well as sons, so it may be translated “descendants” (God’s Word).

The heads of their fathers’ houses is literally “the heads of the fathers.” But the meaning “heads of families” (New International Version) is clear from the context. Compare verses 2, 7, and 9.

Ready for service in war is literally “going out to service in war.” The meaning is “prepared to go out to serve in war.” Some possible renderings are “fit for active service” (Moffatt), “prepared to fight in battle” (Contemporary English Version), and “ready for combat” (American Bible).

The total of the numbers in verses 7, 9, and 11 equals 59,434, which was the number of men eligible for military duty from the tribe of Benjamin.

Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on 1-2 Chronicles, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2014. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .