The sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Caleb is identified as the son of Jephunneh in several other places in the Old Testament (see, for example, Num 13.6; 14.6; Deut 1.36; see also the introductory comments on 1 Chr 2.18-24). Good News Translation and Bible en français courant supply the implied information that Caleb had “three” sons, but in many languages this may be seen as unnecessary.

Iru, Elah, and Naam: Nothing further is known of these people. Where the Masoretic Text says “Iru Elah,” some interpreters follow the Septuagint and the Vulgate in reading “Ir and Elah” (so Klein). They take the Hebrew letter waw as the conjunction “and” rather than the last letter in the name Iru.

And the sons of Elah: Kenaz: Kenaz is literally “and Kenaz” in the Masoretic Text, but most translations read Kenaz, in agreement with certain other Hebrew manuscripts. Since the Masoretic Text has the plural sons of Elah, some scholars think that a name is missing. New American Bible, for example, leaves a blank space, translating “The sons of Elah were … and Kenaz” (similarly La Bible Pléiade). New Jerusalem Bible and some other versions are similar to Revised Standard Version by retaining the plural sons but having only the single name, Kenaz. New Revised Standard Version, like most other English versions, has the singular “son.”

Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on 1-2 Chronicles, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2014. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .