4:6a

one God and Father of all: The words God and Father refer to the same Person. You can say:

There is only one God, and he is the Father of all of us.
-or-

⌊We all worship⌋ the same God who is the Father of us all.

all: There are at least three ways to understand the word all.

(1) It means all believers.

(2) It means all people whether believers or not. For example:

there is one God and Father of all people (Good News Translation)

(3) It means all things or all creation. For example:

There is one God and Father of everything. (New Century Version)

Many versions say only all, and it is not possible to tell which interpretation they follow. If you want to make the all explicit, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), which many commentaries support. It is true that God is the God of all people, and he is over all people. However, because Paul is speaking of the unity of the church in these verses, he probably means all Christians, whether Jew or Gentile. So you could translate all as:

all of us
-or-
all his people

4:6b

who is over all: The phrase who is over all means that God rules over all his people. He owns us all. For example:

of all people (Good News Translation)

through all: The phrase through all means that God does his work through all his people.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

works through all (Good News Translation)
-or-
he works by using all of us (Contemporary English Version)

in all: The phrase in all means that God lives/dwells in all his people by his Spirit. For example:

and he lives in all of us (Contemporary English Version)

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