5:3a Although I am absent from you in body,

Even though I am not there with you,
-or-
Although I am far away from you,

5:3b I am present with you in spirit,

I am there with you in my spirit/heart/mind.
-or-
I am present with you spiritually.

5:3c and I have already pronounced judgment on the one who did this,

And I have already decided that/how we must punish/discipline the man who has sinned.

5:3d just as if I were present.

⌊I am acting/speaking⌋ as one who is present/there with you.

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