Translation commentary on Baruch 2:11

Compare this verse with Dan 9.15, which it follows closely.

And now, O Lord God of Israel: And now is a literal rendering of the Greek text, but it has the function of giving the reader a needed signal that the subject is about to change. This signal is absent from Good News Translation and Contemporary English Version, but these translations are seeking to solve a larger problem with their restructuring. In Greek the material from who didst bring to at this day is a long relative clause modifying a direct address to God, O Lord God of Israel. The main clause does not begin until verse 12. This kind of structure is a traditional mark of formal liturgical language, but it is difficult to follow, and the best solution is usually to restructure the element of praise to God in the relative clause into an independent statement. As an illustration of what is involved, compare this traditional confessional statement in English:

• Almighty God, unto whom all hearts are open, all desires known, and from whom no secrets are hid, cleanse the thoughts of our hearts….

Restructuring this as suggested above would give the following:

• Almighty God, to you all hearts are open, all desires known, and from you no secrets are hid; cleanse the thoughts of our hearts….

This is precisely what Good News Translation has done with the long relative clause here in verse 11 beginning who didst …. The offering of praise becomes a confessional recital of what God has done:

You … brought your people out of Egypt (who didst bring thy people out of the land of Egypt)
with great power (with a mighty hand)
and with signs, miracles, and wonders (with signs and wonders and with great power).

You showed your mighty strength (with … outstretched arm)
and gained a glorious reputation (and hast made thee a name)
which is still recognized today (as at this day).

This is well done, but we still miss the opening expression And now, or some such device to signal a shift in the discourse. Perhaps this could be accomplished with a minor addition at the beginning:

• And now, O Lord, God of Israel, hear us/our prayer. You brought your people out of Egypt….

Revised Standard Version uses the archaic pronouns, thy and thee, to show respect when addressing God. Translators working with languages where such respectful second person pronouns exist may consider using them here.

The Greek expressions for mighty hand, great power, and outstretched arm are similar in meaning, and in some languages it will be difficult to find three similar but different expressions. In such cases translators may use Contemporary English Version as a model: “you … worked miracles to show your mighty power.” In this model “mighty power” stands for the three expressions in the Greek. Or translators may say “you did marvelous things to show your great power.” In other contexts in the Old Testament, signs has the meaning of “proofs,” but here the term has almost the same meaning as “miracles.” As in Deut 4.34, signs seems to refer to actual events such as the plagues, while wonders refers to miraculous events. Translators should see if they have terms in their languages with similar functions that may be used here; for example, “amazing acts” or “events that cause people to be amazed.”

Hast made thee a name: The sense of this is well expressed by Good News Translation, which has “gained a glorious reputation.” Contemporary English Version is also helpful with “You made a great name for yourself.”

As at this day may be rendered “which is still recognized today” (Good News Translation), “and you are still famous” (Contemporary English Version), or even “and you still have much face.”

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on The Shorter Books of the Deuterocanon. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2006. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.

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