Translation commentary on 2 Maccabees 12:13

A paragraph break is appropriate here since the story shifts from the Arabs to the city of Capsin (so Revised Standard Version, Good News Bible).

He also attacked a certain city which was strongly fortified with earthworks and walls: The meaning of the Greek word rendered with earthworks is unknown. It bears a resemblance to a word that can refer to any of several types of earthworks, but that word does not make grammatical sense here. With earthworks translates a form found in Rahlfs’ Greek text, which is found in only one Greek manuscript, where a scribe was desperately trying to make sense of the passage. Many manuscripts omit the word, and we recommend that translators do this. Goldstein does this, and so does Good News Bible. (Goldstein speculates that the strange word may be a scribe’s mistake for the name Ephron, which appears in a similar context in verse 27.)

And inhabited by all sorts of Gentiles means the city had a population composed of many nationalities.

Its name was Capsin: Caspin is the same city called Chaspho in 1Macc 5.26, 36 (see the comments there). Translators may want to use only one spelling for this city in 1-2Maccabees.

An alternative model for this verse is:

• [Judas] Maccabeus and his soldiers also attacked Caspin, a city *well protected by its walls. People from many different Gentile nations lived there.
* After city the Greek has a word whose meaning is unknown.

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 1-2 Maccabees. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2011. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.

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