But he refused to receive them: By refusing to accept Simon’s assistance, Antiochus was insulting Simon and letting it be known that he owed Simon nothing. An alternative model is “But Antiochus refused to accept all these things from Simon.”

And he broke all the agreements he formerly had made with Simon: Since Antiochus was close to defeating Trypho with his own army, he no longer needed Jewish support, so he broke all his former agreements with them (verses 1-9).

And became estranged from him: Good News Bible says “and became his enemy,” which is a good model. Other alternatives are “and treated him as an enemy” and “and completely changed his attitude to him” (New Jerusalem Bible).

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 1-2 Maccabees. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2011. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.