This verse forms an emphatic conclusion to the section, particularly to verses 4-10.

All these refers to the various gifts mentioned in verses 8-10.

The verb translated inspired, more literally “empowers” or “works in,” is related to the noun that is translated “working” in verses 6 and 10. So Good News Bible‘s “does” is probably clearer here.

One and the same Spirit is a literal translation of the Greek, which happens to be idiomatic in English. In other languages it may be necessary to use a more emphatic equivalent of the phrase translated the same Spirit in verses 4 and 8, or to say, for example, “All these are inspired by God’s Spirit alone” or “It is God’s Spirit alone who does all this.”

The verb translated apportions is related to the noun translated “varieties,” which in verses 4-6 referred to God’s activity in giving a variety of gifts. It might be well to follow Good News Bible‘s example and make “gifts” explicit in this verse.

To each one individually recalls the language of verse 7, “to each is given,” but is more emphatic, “to each individual.”

Quoted with permission from Ellingworth, Paul and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Paul’s First Letter to the Corinthians, 2nd edition. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1985/1994. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .