14:6a

observes: The Greek verb means “acknowledging the importance of something” (BDAG) or “to acknowledge the high status of (an) event” (L&N). Here are other ways to translate this word:

regards…as special (New International Version)
-or-
think highly of (Good News Translation)

a special day: This refers to the days that some believers think are more important than other days (14:5a). Your translation should refer to that day. For example:

that day
-or-
those ⌊special⌋ days

does so to the Lord:
This clause indicates that these believers honor the Lord by observing the days they think are special.

the Lord: This probably refers to Jesus. In some languages it is more natural to put a name to this title. For example:

the Lord ⌊Jesus⌋

14:6b–c

he who eats: This refers to the believer who eats all foods (14:2a). In some languages a literal translation here would refer to anyone who eats, that is, everyone. If that is true in your language, make the connection to 14:2 clear. For example:

The one who eats ⌊anything⌋
-or-
The one who eats ⌊all kinds of food⌋

You may want to translate here in the same way you translated “eat all things” in 14:2a.

14:6d–e

and: The Greek word here is usually translated and or “but.” The connection indicates that the two different things both occur. Use whatever is most natural in your language. For example:

while (English Standard Version)
-or-
but
-or-
Another person…

he who abstains: The Greek is literally “the one not eating.” It refers to the person who eats only vegetables (14:2b–3b). See how you translated this phrase in 14:3.

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