22:13a
Then: This Greek conjunction indicates the next event in the sequence.
the king said to the attendants: The Greek word that the English Standard Version translates as attendants refers to people who willingly do the work that their master asks them to do. This word is different than the Greek word translated as “servants” in 22:3a. However, many versions use the same term in both places.
Here are some other ways to translate this word:
his aides (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
his workers
-or-
the servants (Good News Translation)
22:13b
Bind him hand and foot: The word Bind means “tie.” The king ordered the attendants to tie the man up, both around his hands and around his feet.
Here is another way to translate this clause:
Tie this man’s hands and feet (New Century Version)
22:13c
and cast him: The Greek verb that the English Standard Version translates as cast means “throw out” or “expel.”
Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
throw him (New Jerusalem Bible)
-or-
fling him (Revised English Bible)
into the outer darkness: The Greek phrase that the English Standard Version translates as the outer darkness refers to the place that is outside the kingdom and far away from its light. This same phrase is in 8:12b. Translate it the same way here.
Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
outside in the dark (Good News Translation)
-or-
into the darkness (New Century Version)
22:13d
In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth: This same phrase is in 8:12c. Translate it in the same way here.
In that place there will be weeping: The Greek word that the English Standard Version translates as weeping refers to the loud sound that people make when they have much grief and sorrow. It is not a quiet sobbing.
Here are some other ways to translate this word:
there will be wailing (New American Bible, Revised Edition)
-or-
people will cry (Good News Translation)
and gnashing of teeth: The phrase gnashing of teeth refers to grinding of teeth because of pain, anger, and bitterness.
Here are some ways to translate this expression:
• Use an expression in your language that describes what people do with their teeth when they are in pain and are also angry. For example:
grind teeth
-or-
clench teeth
• Add some information. For example:
they will grind their teeth ⌊in pain and anger⌋.
• Translate the meaning of the action. For example,
and be in extreme pain there (God’s Word)
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