17:31a
For: This conjunction introduces the reason that people should repent. For example:
because (Revised Standard Version)
He has set a day when He will judge the world: The word set indicates that God chose a day when He will judge the world. Another way to translate this clause is:
he has appointed/marked a day when he will judge the world
world: Here the word world refers to all the people in the world. For example:
world’s people (Contemporary English Version)
with justice: This phrase in Greek is literally “in righteousness.” It indicates that God will judge people according to what is right. Other ways to translate this phrase are:
justly (Revised English Bible)
-or-
in righteousness (NET Bible)
17:31b
by the Man He has appointed: God gave the task of judging the world to the Man He has appointed. In that way God will judge the world. Other ways to translate this phrase are:
by means of a man he has chosen (Good News Translation)
-or-
And he has appointed a man to judge for him.
This phrase refers to Jesus, as 17:31c–d makes clear. But Paul purposely did not name him here.
17:31c
He has given proof of this: The word this refers to God appointing the man to judge all people. In some languages the word “that” is more natural.
has given proof of this: The fact that God raised Jesus from the dead clearly shows that God appointed him to judge all people. For example:
God has publicly proved this (New Jerusalem Bible)
everyone: Here the word everyone refers generally to people.
17:31d
by raising Him from the dead: This phrase indicates that God caused Jesus to become alive again after he had died. In that way God proved that Jesus would judge all people.
raising Him from the dead: This clause refers to God causing Jesus to live again. Jesus died on the cross but three days later God made him alive again. Other ways to translate this clause are:
raising that man from death (Good News Translation)
-or-
bringing that man back to life (God’s Word)
-or-
causing him to live again ⌊after he had died⌋
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