Compare this verse with Dan 9.19.

That all the earth may know …: Good News Translation has “Then the whole world will know….” In Greek this is a purpose clause; God is to rescue the people so that the whole world will know…. Good News Translation and Contemporary English Version are able to shorten the long sentence of verses 14-15 and preserve the connection by beginning this verse with “Then.”

For the Lord our God, see the comments on Bar 1.10.

The connector for introduces a clause that amplifies the idea in thou art the Lord our God. This is why Good News Translation renders it “and.”

Israel and his descendants are called by thy name: Israel refers to Jacob, so Israel and his descendants means “the nation of Israel” (Good News Translation). To have something called by your name is to say it belongs to you. Compare 2 Sam 12.28, where Joab urges David to capture a certain city, saying, “lest I take the city, and it be called by my name.” Good News Translation renders this “I don’t want to get the credit for capturing it.” The Good News Translation rendering here, “you have chosen the nation of Israel to be your own people,” is close to the Good News Translation expression in Deut 28.10, where “you are called by the name of the Lord” is translated “the LORD has chosen you to be his own people.” Since the central idea, however, is not choosing but possessing, this might be better and more briefly expressed “we [the nation of Israel] belong to you.”

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on The Shorter Books of the Deuterocanon. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2006. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.