So: as a result of the others running away, Daniel found himself all alone. The particular transition word to be used in the translation will be determined by a consideration of what is most natural in such a context as this.

Saw: the translation should avoid giving the impression that Daniel saw something new at this point. He kept on looking (or gazing) at what had already begun to take place.

Great vision: the adjective should not focus so much on the size or length of the vision as on the impression it made on Daniel. In some languages translators may prefer to say something like “this fantastic sight” or “this astounding revelation.” Knox translates “this high vision.”

No strength was left in me: this has essentially the same meaning as I retained no strength at the end of the verse. In many languages it will probably be awkward style to repeat the idea.

My radiant appearance was fearfully changed: more literally “my splendor…,” referring to Daniel’s appearance, which was radically altered. Since the most obvious manifestation of a person’s appearance is seen on the face, several versions have translated this term using the word “face”: “my face turned deathly pale” (New International Version). But Revised English Bible renders the phrase “I became a sorry figure of a man.” And New Jerusalem Bible has “my appearance was changed and contorted.”

Was fearfully changed: literally “was overturned upon me to destruction.” The Hebrew expression suggests the idea of passing from life to death. New International Version renders the last part of the verse “my face turned deathly pale,” and New American Bible has “I turned the color of death.”

Quoted with permission from Péter-Contesse, René & Ellington, John. A Handbook on Daniel. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1994. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .