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καὶ μετ᾽ οὐ πολλὰς ἡμέρας συναγαγὼν πάντα ὁ νεώτερος υἱὸς ἀπεδήμησεν εἰς χώραν μακρὰν καὶ ἐκεῖ διεσκόρπισεν τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτοῦ ζῶν ἀσώτως.
13A few days later the younger son gathered all he had and traveled to a distant region, and there he squandered his wealth in dissolute living.
The Greek in Luke 15:13 that is translated in English as “dissolute living” or “wild living” is translated in Kafa as “whatever his heart thought of.”
In Low German it is idiomatically translated with the reduplicative in Suus un Bruus lewen, literally “live speedily and noisily” (translation by Johannes Jessen, publ. 1933, republ. 2006).
See also live in pleasure.
Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 15:13:
Barclay Newman, a translator on the teams for both the Good News Bible and the Contemporary English Version, translated passages of the New Testament into English and published them in 2014, “in a publication brief enough to be non-threatening, yet long enough to be taken seriously, and interesting enough to appeal to believers and un-believers alike.” The following is the translation of Luke 15:11-32:
Finally, Jesus told them this story:
A man’s younger son once said,
“Dad, give me my share of the family fortune!”
So his father divided everything
between him and his older brother.
Soon the younger son packed up everything
and left for a foreign country,
where he wasted every cent of his inheritance.
Then a terrible famine struck the land,
leaving him famished and without food.
So hungry was the young man that he took a job
feeding bean pods to nasty pigs,
and he would have eaten some of the pods himself,
if only the owner had turned his back.
At last, in desperation, he said to himself,
“My dad’s workers have more than enough to eat,
while I sit here with these pigs, starving to death.
Best thing I can do is to go home and make up with my dad.
I’ll say, “Dad, I’ve been a really lousy son,
worthless and useless to both you and God.
Fact is, I don’t deserve to be called your son —
just treat me like one of your servants.”
Before he even reached the road to the farmhouse,
his father saw him and felt so sorry that he ran over
and greeted the young man with hugs and kisses.
“Dad, I’ve been a really lousy son,” said the boy.
“I’m worthless and useless to both you and God.
Fact is, I don’t deserve to be called your son.”
But his father instructed the servants,
“Hurry! Bring him the best clothes.
Put a gold ring on his finger and sandals on his feet.
And prepare our choice beef, so we can celebrate!
My son was dead, and now he’s alive!
My son was lost, and now he’s found.”
Then the festivities began.
Meanwhile, the older brother was coming in from the fields,
when he heard the sound of music and dancing.
“What’s going on?” he asked one of the servants.
“Your younger brother has come home,” answered the servant,
“and your father ordered us
to prepare the choice beef for a feast.”
This made the older brother so angry
that he refused to go anywhere near the house.
His father went out and begged him to join the celebration,
but his son answered, “All my life I’ve obeyed you,
and I’ve worked like a slave.
Yet you’ve never even given me a small goat,
so I could throw a party for my friends.
This other son of yours blew all his money on hookers,
and now that he’s back home,
you’ve ordered our choice beef
to be killed for a feast in his honor.”
“My dear son,” replied his father, “You’re always here,
and everything I have is yours as well.
But don’t you think we should celebrate?
Your brother was dead, and now he’s alive.
He was lost, and now he’s found.”
Exegesis:
kai met’ ou pollas hēmeras ‘and after not many days,’ i.e. ‘not many days later,’ hence, “a few days later” (New English Bible). The phrase goes with apedēmēsen ‘went abroad.’
sunagagōn hapanta ‘having gathered everything,’ probably by turning it into cash.
ho neōteros huios apedēmēsen eis chōran makran ‘the younger son went abroad to a distant country.’
apodēmeō (also 20.9) ‘to go abroad,’ ‘to go on a journey.’
makros ‘far away,’ ‘distant.’
dieskorpisen tēn ousian autou ‘he squandered his property.’
diaskorpizō here ‘to squander,’ ‘to waste.’
zōn asōtōs ‘by living extravagantly,’ going with dieskorpisen.
asōtōs ‘extravagantly,’ i.e. as a spendthrift, or ‘recklessly,’ probably the former.
Translation:
Gathered all he had, or, ‘sold the whole of his share’ (cf. e.g. Good News Translation, Tae’).
Took his journey into, or, ‘left home and went to’ (cf. Good News Translation and New English Bible).
Squandered, i.e. spent lavishly and/or foolishly, ‘flung about’; Batak Toba uses a compound verb built on ‘finished’ and ‘clean’; Zarma has, ‘caused-to-be-lost.’
His property has the same reference as “all he had”; hence, “it” (New English Bible), “his money” (Good News Translation).
In loose living, or, ‘by extravagant behaviour,’ ‘giving-rein-to (his) desires’ (Balinese, similarly Batak Toba).
Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.
15:13a
After a few days: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as After a few days is more literally “Not many days later.” For example:
After a few days (Good News Translation)
the younger son got everything together: The Greek expression that the Berean Standard Bible translates as got everything together indicates that he gathered all his possessions that could be moved. The context probably implies that the younger son sold all his share of the property as soon as he could. Then he packed up his money and everything else that he wanted to take with him. Other ways to translate this clause are:
the younger son sold his part of the property and left home with the money (Good News Translation)
-or-
the younger son sold his share and took his money and possessions
15:13b
journeyed to a distant country: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as journeyed to a distant country means here that the younger son left home and traveled to a foreign land that was far from his home.
15:13c
In some languages it may be necessary to make explicit that the younger son not only set off for this distant country but actually reached it. For example:
⌊When he arrived⌋…
squandered his wealth in wild living: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as squandered his wealth means “wasted his money.” The younger son was extravagant and wasteful. He did not try to use his money wisely. Other ways to translate this are:
he wasted his money by behaving in ways that were not appropriate
-or-
he did all sorts of useless things and wasted his wealth
wild living: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as wild living refers to a way of life that is reckless and immoral. It would have included activities like gambling, getting drunk, holding big parties, and spending time with immoral women.
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