The Hebrew that is translated as “crafty” or similar in some English is translated in Mwera as ugulumba: “mean, crafty or hypocritical.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
Language-specific Insights
summer vs. winter
The Hebrew and Latin that is translated as “summer” and “winter” in English is translated in Chichewa as “dry season” and “wet season.” In Chewa culture, seasons are often defined by the availability of water, which is crucial for agriculture, livestock, and human consumption. (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
Likewise in Mwera (source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext) and in Elhomwe it is translated with a single word — enthawi — that relates to both seasons. (Source: project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
make love
The Hebrew that is translated as “make love” or similar in English is translated in Mwera as “talk with,” referring to sleeping with someone. (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
one's life is closely bound up with someone’s life
Aaron's rod
The Greek that is translated as “Aaron’s rod” or “Aaron’s stick” in English is translated in Mwera as “Aaron’s walking stick.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
time of need
The Greek that is translated as “time of need” or similar in English is translated in Mwera as mobha ga ngakola mashili or “days of weakness.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
active
The Greek that is translated as “active” or similar in English is translated in Mwera as linakombola kamula maengo popowe or “is able to work everywhere.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
harden
The Greek that is translated as “to harden” or similar in English is translated in Mwera as “to become stubborn.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
See also harden heart and hardness of heart..